Activation of D2 dopamine receptor-expressing neurons in the nucleus accumbens increases motivation
11 de Outubro de 2016
Striatal dopamine receptor D1-expressing neurons have been classically associated with
positive reinforcement and reward, whereas D2 neurons are associated with negative
reinforcement and aversion. Here we demonstrate that the pattern of activation of D1 and D2
neurons in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) predicts motivational drive, and that optogenetic
activation of either neuronal population enhances motivation in mice. Using a different
approach in rats, we further show that activating NAc D2 neurons increases cue-induced
motivational drive in control animals and in a model that presents anhedonia and motivational
deficits; conversely, optogenetic inhibition of D2 neurons decreases motivation. Our results
suggest that the classic view of D1–D2 functional antagonism does not hold true for all
dimensions of reward-related behaviours, and that D2 neurons may play a more prominent
pro-motivation role than originally anticipated.
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